After Loper Bright
In June 2024, the Supreme Court ended forty years of Chevron deference. Courts, not agencies, now say what the law means. That single decision is reshaping the federal rulebook. This report follows the result, tracking every rule agencies have proposed, finalized, or rescinded in the following wave of reform. Each one is scored for its impact and is tied to the executive orders behind it. This data is updated daily from the Federal Register.
Every action in this tracker sits downstream of the Loper Bright Supreme Court decision. It is key to reading the record.
On June 28, 2024, in Loper Bright Enterprises v. Raimondo, the Supreme Court overruled Chevron U.S.A. v. NRDC. For four decades that 1984 precedent told courts to defer to an agency's reasonable interpretation whenever a statute was ambiguous. In a 6–3 decision, Chief Justice Roberts held that the Administrative Procedure Act requires courts to exercise their own independent judgment. Ambiguity alone no longer buys an agency deference.
The consequence is direct. Hundreds of regulations once shielded by Chevron are now open to challenges on the statute's single best reading. Agencies have started revisiting and rescinding rules built on the old regime rather than waiting for a court to do it for them. The executive branch too has pushed that review forward through a series of regulatory reforms. The regulatory actions on this page represent the current progress made.
"Courts must exercise their independent judgment in deciding whether an agency has acted within its statutory authority."Chief Justice John Roberts, majority opinion, Loper Bright v. Raimondo (2024)
When a statute was ambiguous, courts deferred to any reasonable agency interpretation. That handed agencies wide latitude to expand their own authority, and made rules difficult to challenge so long as the reading was "permissible."
Judges now decide a statute's best meaning for themselves, giving the agency's view only as much weight as it textually deserves. Rules that leaned on expansive readings of ambiguous language are the most exposed, and agencies are recasting them before a court forces the issue.
Each action is scored on two dimensions. Regulatory Impact measures how substantial the change is. Reform Influence measures how directly the Loper Bright ruling and the executive orders drove it. The findings below rank the policy areas most driven by the reform agenda as agencies rework rules for the world after Chevron.
Of 316 tracked actions in Transportation, 247 are strongly driven by the reform agenda. That is the heaviest concentration of reform-driven change in any single policy area, and it is where the push to recast the rulebook has moved fastest.
Regulatory Impact represents how substantial each change is, regardless of what drove the regulatory action. Environment carries the most high-impact actions, 116 of 499 tracked in the area. High reform influence and high impact often overlap, but not always. This table shows the highest impact regulations even where the reform orders were not the primary driver.
Beyond the executive orders, agencies are invoking the decision itself. These are the actions in the tracker where the rulemaking record expressly relies on Loper Bright or the end of Chevron deference to justify its reading of the statute.
Of 1,831 tracked actions, 134 invoke Loper Bright or the fall of Chevron directly in their reasoning, and 72 of those carry high regulatory impact. Environmental Protection Agency leads with 25 such actions, using the decision to reopen rules that stood for years on deference alone.
Loper Bright opened the legal door. The executive orders sent agencies through it. The patterns below show which orders, which agencies, and which months account for the bulk of the activity.
Unleashing Prosperity Through Deregulation (Jan 31, 2025) is the government-wide "10-to-1" mandate. For every new rule, agencies have to find at least ten to repeal and keep the net cost of regulation below zero. It applies to the whole executive branch rather than a single sector, so almost every reform action falls under it in some form. That is why it is flagged on 1,580 of 1,831 tracked actions, far more than any sector-specific order. The metrics below separate out how much of that is 14192 acting on its own, and how much of it is high-stakes.
Search and filter every tracked action. Click a rule title to open the source document in the Federal Register.
| Rule / Action | Agency | Type | Regulatory Impact | Reform Influence | Published | Policy Area |
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